NAPLAN（National Assessment Program – Literacy and Numeracy）就是澳大利亚全国统考。是全澳范围内所有公校私校的3、5、7、9年级学生，必须参加的全国性统一考试。
NAPLAN考试内容 #
Naplan考试包括四项内容：
- Language conventions语言规范（spelling拼写、grammar语法、punctuation标点符号），
- Writing写作，
- Reading阅读，
- Numeracy计算能力。
一般而言，华人家庭的孩子计算能力都很好，语法Grammar、阅读reading、标点符号punctuation的成绩也都不错，但是writing写作是很多华人孩子的短板，受文化背景、父母语言水平等的限制，写作部分最难拿到outstanding，甚至不少孩子还没有达到average水平。
工欲善其事，必先利其器。要想提高孩子的写作能力，先要了解下写作考核的内容。
NAPLAN写作分为：
- Narrative Writing（叙述文）
- Persuasive Writing（议论文）
二选一，满分为48分。
Narrative就是叙述性essay，也就是记叙文，Persuasive就是辩论性的观点论文，也就是议论文，如图片所示，和雅思考试有点像。
NAPLAN写作成绩 #
Naplan的成绩单，根据band水平依次对准的分数，可以看到孩子写作考了多少分。如下图所示，Year 3的学生成绩范围是band 1-band 6。透明条形带位band6，代表学校中间60%的三年级学生的成绩范围。黑色三角形为band4，为全澳洲三年级学生的平均成绩。黑色圆点为该考生的成绩位于顶端蓝色三角，表明成绩高于Band 10，该学生处于全澳的TOP10%。NAPLAN成绩达到这个位置的学生，一般才有实力申请公校精英班和私校奖学金。
评分标准 #
这里总结了叙事性和议论文写作的评分标准，如下表所示。
叙事文评分标准 #
| Marking criterion | Description of narrative writing marking criterion |
|---|---|
| Audience | The writer’s capacity to orient, engage and affect the reader |
| Text structure | The organisation of narrative features including orientation, complication and resolution into an appropriate and effective text structure |
| Ideas | The creation, selection and crafting of ideas for a narrative |
| Character and setting | Character: The portrayal and development of character Setting: The development of a sense of place, time and atmosphere |
| Vocabulary | The range and precision of contextually appropriate language choices |
| Cohesion | The control of multiple threads and relationships across the text, achieved through the use of grammatical elements (referring words, text connectives, conjunctions) and lexical elements (substitutions, repetitions, word associations) |
| Paragraphing | The segmenting of text into paragraphs that assists the reader to negotiate the narrative |
| Sentence structure | The production of grammatically correct, structurally sound and meaningful sentences |
| Punctuation | The use of correct and appropriate punctuation to aid the reading of the text |
| Spelling | The accuracy of spelling and the difficulty of the words used |
议论文评分标准 #
| Marking criterion | Description of persuasive writing marking criterion |
|---|---|
| Audience | The writer’s capacity to orient, engage and persuade the reader |
| Text structure | The organisation of the structural components of a persuasive text (introduction, body and conclusion) into an appropriate and effective text structure |
| Ideas | The selection, relevance and elaboration of ideas for a persuasive argument |
| Persuasive devices | The use of a range of persuasive devices to enhance the writer’s position and persuade the reader |
| Vocabulary | The range and precision of contextually appropriate language choices |
| Cohesion | The control of multiple threads and relationships across the text, achieved through the use of grammatical elements (referring words, text connectives, conjunctions) and lexical elements (substitutions, repetitions, word associations) |
| Paragraphing | The segmenting of text into paragraphs that assists the reader to follow the line of argument |
| Sentence structure | The production of grammatically correct, structurally sound and meaningful sentences |
| Punctuation | The use of correct and appropriate punctuation to aid the reading of the text |
| Spelling | The accuracy of spelling and the difficulty of the words used |
以下是一篇School为题目的Narrative Writing的例文：
参考评分标准，这边例文的得分如下：
如何提高写作 #
很多华人家庭都很苦恼如何提高孩子的写作能力，因为写作能力是个综合能力，不是靠突击可以一蹴而就的。即使找老师辅导，也提高的有限。其实写作最根本要打好基础，写作水平较差的孩子建议从一年级开始就开始练习，比如如何make sentence structure，how to start sentence，如图片所示，这些内容在Youtube上都有视频教，可以自行去学习。写作只有打好了基础才能循序渐进渐入佳境，包括积累形容词和副词、高级词汇。
